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Tiran and Sanafir: Developments, Dynamics, and Implications

Egypt’s cession of Tiran and Sanafir Islands to Saudi Arabia in June 2017 met protest and controversy. This report is aimed at providing a holistic understanding of the decision.


On June 24, 2017, President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi officially signed into effect the controversial Tiran and Sanafir agreement, giving Saudi Arabia sovereignty over the two Red Sea islands at the mouth of the Gulf of Aqaba. The signature was met with protest in Egyptian government branches and public spaces.

The latest report from the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy, “Tiran and Sanafir: Developments, Dynamics, and Implications,” seeks to establish a framework to understand the immediate and future repercussions of the decision, one which has been met with resistance in the Egyptian government and in the public sphere.

Tiran and Sanafir: Developments, Dynamics, and Implications” provides a holistic understanding of the significance of the Tiran and Sanafir cession. The report documents historical context and background on the timeline of events, presents official positions and responses to this decision, analyzes the judicial and legal processes, and offers a political analysis of the agreement and its ramifications on domestic affairs and geopolitics.

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